Sodium tripolyphosphate(STPP), also known as pentasodium triphosphate, pentasodium tripolyphosphate or sodium triphosphate, is used in a wide range of applications in the manufacture of cleaning products and food preservatives as well as in water treatment facilities. STPP is a sodium salt of triphosphoric acid that has the appearance of white crystal powder. It is odorless and is water soluble. In a highly controlled environment, it is made by combining monosodium phosphate and disodium phosphate.
A Powerful Cleaning Agent
Sodium tripolyphosphate(Na5P3O10) is a strong cleaning ingredient that typically can rid dishes and fabrics of soil and spots. Its key function is that it allows surfactants to work at their full potential. Also, it prevents deposition of soil and acts as a pH buffer. It softens detergent water and can be used as a water treatment, as well. Many household cleaning products, including surface and toilet cleaners, contain STPP due to its cleaning component. Most chemical plants that make STPP list “detergents” as the primary area of use for this chemical.
Food Additive
The uses of STPP also include using it as a preservative. It can be used to preserve foods such as red meats, poultry, and seafood, helping them to retain their tenderness and moisture. Pet food and animal feed have been known to be treated with STPP, serving the same general purpose as it does in human food. STPP also has been used in helping to preserve the quality of drinks such as milk and fruit juices.
Other Uses
As a builder, sodium tripolyphosphate mainly is used in detergents and soaps. This includes dishwasher detergents as well as laundry detergents. It is used in most gel, liquid, tablet, and powder forms of each type of detergent. In the detergent, it helps strengthen the cleaning action.
It is used in paint as a pigment dispersant. Ceramics use it to help disperse clay, and paper mills use it as an oil-resistant agent when coating paper. It additionally has been used as a tanning agent in making leather, and the minerals in cement have been known to be treated with it. Sodium tripolyphosphate also has been used as an additive in toothpaste due to its cleaning action.
Cautions
It generally is advised that sodium tripolyphosphate be stored in a cool and well-ventilated area. Direct sunlight and damp areas usually should be avoided. If STPP comes into contact with skin, the area should be thoroughly rinsed. If eye contact is made, it is important to immediately flush the eyes.
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