Also known by the trade name Zyvox, the drug Linezolid is bacteriostatic, meaning that it blocks cell replication and the release of toxins. It is a broad spectrum, synthetic antibiotic. Along with the adverse reactions common to many antibiotics, this drug has a number of potentially very serious side effects, many of which occur more frequently in children after repeated or long-term use.
Function
Linezolid works by inhibiting the ability of problematic bacteria to reproduce. Once in the body, linezolid prevents the invading bacteria from reproducing. This means that the infection cannot spread, and the bacteria present at the infection site eventually die. Rapidly spreading and aggressive infections are treated with this antibiotic because it begins to work very quickly, especially when administered intravenously.
Uses
As a broad spectrum antibiotic, it is commonly prescribed to treat persistent or recurring issues such as urinary tract infections, infections of the blood, infected open wounds, or post-operative infections. For less aggressive infections, it is more commonly administered in an oral tablet or as a liquid solution. Urinary tract infections which frequently reoccur or resist other antibiotic treatments, especially in older people, will often be treated with a prescribed course of linezolid with a view to eradicating the bacteria that cause the infection to reappear.
Effects
Most patients who take the prescription antibiotic known as linezolid do not experience any negative side effects, although any bothersome symptoms that develop after beginning treatment with this medication should be reported to a doctor for further medical evaluation. Some of the most frequently reported side effects of linezolid include gastrointestinal disturbances, headaches, and dizziness. More serious side effects of this medication may include mood changes, visual disturbances, or allergic reactions.
These symptoms may include diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting. If these symptoms occur, the patient should try to consume extra fluids in order to avoid dehydration. Bloody diarrhea or vomit that resembles coffee grounds could indicate potentially serious complications and should be reported to a doctor right away. Headaches, dizziness, and insomnia are possible side effects of linezolid. These symptoms are usually mild and may lessen or completely disappear after the patient has adjusted to taking the new medication.
Considerations
Linezolid is often prescribed when other antibiotic treatments have been ineffective, or the infection needing treatment has been identified as a mutated antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Nonsocomial pneumonia and MRSA, which both show moderate to high resistance to many available antibiotics, are often treated with linezolid because the bacteria only have low levels of resistance to this drug.
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