Bicalutamide(marketed as Casodex, Cosudex, Calutide, Kalumid) is an oral medication that is used in the treatment of prostate cancer. It belongs to a group of drugs called non-steroidal antiandrogens, and it works by blocking male hormones. It was first launched in 1995 as a combination treatment (with surgical or medical castration) for advanced prostate cancer and subsequently launched as monotherapy for the treatment of earlier stages of the disease.
Bicalutamide is used in the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer. In metastatic cancer, the disease has started in the prostate before spreading to other parts of the body. Typically the drug is taken once a day, either in the morning or evening. It comes in tablet form and can be taken without food. To avoid harmful drug interactions, the patient should make sure to discuss all other medications, including vitamins and herbal supplements, with his or her doctor before taking bicalutamide. It may cause problems with liver function and use should be avoided if a patient has ever had liver disease.
Regarded as a non-steroidal antiandrogen, bicalutamide works by blocking the action of androgens, or male hormones, such as testosterone. When used together with a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone such as leuprolide, bicalutamide helps to stop the growth and spread of cancer cells. It does not destroy existing cancer cells, so it is not considered a cure.
It’s important to follow the doctor’s instructions exactly and to take the correct amount. During treatment, injections of a type of drug called a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone will be given at set intervals, such as once every four weeks. Even if a patient feels better, he or she should not discontinue use unless instructed by the doctor. In addition, bicalutamide, prepared by an intermediate called as 4-Amino-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile(CAS: 654-70-6), should never be used by a woman because if she becomes pregnant it can cause abnormalities in the unborn baby.
Potentially serious side effects that a doctor should be notified about include body aches, fever, chills, nausea, stomach pain, shortness of breath, chest pain, cough, swollen hands or feet, easy bruising or bleeding, or blood in the urine. Some common milder side effects are dizziness, weakness, headaches, hot flashes, back pain, digestive issues, weight gain or loss, cold symptoms, swollen or painful breasts, loss of sexual desire, and increased urination at night. Liver damage is possible and blood should be tested and monitored to ensure the medication is working with minimum possible side effects.
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