Epinephrine is a hormone that is chemically identical to the adrenaline produced by the body, and the names of the two are often used interchangeably to some extent. When produced naturally by the body, it helps us respond effectively to short-term stress. It is also used as a drug to treat severe allergic reactions and other problems that cause a constriction of airways. Known as a sympathomimetic agent, the substance is a powerful drug that affects the body quickly.
Artificially derived epinephrine has saved many lives since its development. It can be used in emergency situations by those who are suffering from an asthma attack or from anaphylaxis, in order to allow breathing again. Anaphylaxis, or anaphylactic shock, is the term for a potentially fatal allergic reaction. Those who have a severe allergy to peanuts or the venom from bee stings, for example often keep a syringe of epinephrine on hand, just in case. It should only be used in emergency situations, however, because of the potential side effects, which can adversely affect the heart.
For people who take this substance for allergies, a so-called epi pen often is the preferred method of giving the medication. Many people with anaphylactic allergies keep an epi pen available at all times because of the rapidity with which one should take the medication. The patient will have a prescription for the typical dose he or she needs to take. When the patient comes into contact with the allergen, someone will need to open the pen, screw on a needle tip and inject the epinephrine. The effects begin quickly.
When epinephrine(CAS number is 51-43-4) is administered, it is usually injected into the fleshy area of the thigh, and not into a vein, which could prevent it from working properly. Injection into the hands or feet could cause a loss or reduction of blood flow to these areas, and is not recommended. One reason why this drug works so well to treat severe allergic reactions is that it suppresses the action of the immune system. This is important to consider, given the fact that it is also produced by the body as a response to stress, including psychological stress.
While epinephrine works well for many people, the side effects of this medicine can be dangerous. The minor side effects include headaches and nausea and can be treated simply by sitting down and resting. These side effects are not typically dangerous but can be bothersome.
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